RBF, Anne and Allegra at the shore of Lake Michigan, Chicago, July 1928
Richard Buckminster Fuller
born in Milton, Massachusetts, July 12,1895, son of Richard Buckminster and Caroline Wolcott (Andrews) Fuller
Attended Milton Academy, (Massachusetts) 1904-13; Harvard 1913-15; U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland (spec.) 1917
Married Anne Hewlett, July 12,1917 at Rock Hall, Lawrence, Long Island, New York
Children: Alexandra Willets (dec.); Allegra (Fuller Snyder)
Grandchildren: Alexandra, Jaime
CHRONOLOGY OF PAST AND PRESENT PRIME FUNCTIONS
| 1914-15 | Apprentice machine fitter, RICHARDS, ATKINSON & HASERICK; Boston, importers of cotton mill machinery |
| 1915-17 | Various apprentice jobs, ARMOUR & COMPANY, New York City |
| 1917-19 | Ensign U.S.N.R. to Lieutenant U.S.N. UNITED STATES NAVY, World War I |
| 1919-21 |
Assistant Export Manager, ARMOUR & COMPANY |
| 1922 | National Account Sales Manager, KELLY - SPRINGFIELD TRUCK COMPANY |
| 1922-27 | President, STOCKADE BUILDING SYSTEM, 240 Building Operations |
| 1927-32 | President, 4D COMPANY; Chicago, Illinois |
| 1930-32 | Editor, Publisher, SHELTER MAGAZINE |
| 1930-31 | Assistant to Director of Research, PIERCE FOUNDATION & AMERICAN RADIATOR STANDARD SANITARY MANUFACTURING COMPANY; produced mass-production kitchen and bathroom back to back |
| 1932-36 | Director and Chief Engineer, DYMAXION CORPORATION; Bridgeport, Connecticut; produced 3 Dymaxion Cars |
| 1936-38 | Assistant to Director, Research and Development, PHELPS DODGE CORPORATION |
| 1938-40 | Science and Technology Consultant, FORTUNE MAGAZINE |
| 1940-50 | Vice President, Chief Engineer, DYMAXION COMPANY, INC.; Delaware Associated with Butler Manufacturing Company; produced Dymaxion Dwelling Unit |
| 1942-44 | Chief Mechanical Engineer, U.S. BOARD OF ECONOMIC WARFARE, World War II |
| 1944 | Special Assistant to Deputy Director, U.S. FOREIGN ECONOMIC ADMINISTRATION |
| 1944-46 | Chairman of Board, Chief Engineer, DYMAXION DWELLING MACHINE CORPORATION (later) Fuller Houses, BEECH AIRCRAFT COMPANY; Wichita, Kansas |
| 1946-54 | Chairman, Board of Trustees, FULLER RESEARCH FOUNDATION; Wichita, Kansas |
| 1949- | President, GEODESICS, INC.; Forest Hills, New York |
| 1954-59 | President, SYNERGETICS, INC.; Raleigh, North Carolina |
| 1957- | President, PLYDOMES, INC.; Des Moines, Iowa |
| 1959-68 | Research Professor, Design Science Exploration, Director of Inventory of World Resources, Human Trends and Needs, Founder, Director of World Game, Director of Design Science Decade of International Union of Architects,SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY |
| 1959- | Chairman of the Board, TETRAHELIX CORPORATION; Hamilton, Ohio |
| 1962-63 | Charles Eliot Norton Professor of Poetry, HARVARD UNIVERSITY |
| 1965-67 | The Architect of U.S. Pavilion at Expo '67 Montreal World's Fair |
| 1967- | President, TRITON FOUNDATION and Architect in production of the Tetrahedronal Floating City for U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT |
| 1968-70 | Architect in collaboration with T. C. Howard of SYNERGETICS, INC., of the Tri-Centennial Pavilion of South Carolina at Greenfield, South Carolina |
| 1968 | University Professor, SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY |
| 1969 | Architect, Samuel Beckett Theater, St. Peters College, OXFORD UNIVERSITY; Oxford, England |
| 1969-70 | Architect, geodesic auditorium, KFAR MENA CHEM KIBBUTZ, Israel; WORLD GAME seminars at Yale University and New York Studio School |
| 1971 | Chief Architect, Old Man River Project (Environmental Domed City), East St. Louis, Illinois; Architect, Project Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Architect, Religious Center at Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Illinois; Architect, design of St. Peters Theatre, London, England |
| 1972 | World Fellow in Residence for the Consortium of the University of Pennsylvania, Bryan Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore Colleges and the University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Editor-at-Large, World Magazine; Consultant, DESIGN SCIENCE INSTITUTE; Distinguished University Professor, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale and Edwardsville, Illinois |
| 1973 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Continued as Distinguished University Professor, Southern Illinois University; Chief Architect, Completion of the Design for the International Airports at New Delhi, Bombay, and Madras, India; Author of SYNERGETICS: EXPLORATIONS IN THE GEOMETRY OF THINKING (published 1975); Consultant, DESIGN SCIENCE INSTITUTE |
| 1974 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Continued as Distinguished University Professor, Southern Illinois University; Consultant, DESIGN SCIENCE INSTITUTE; Consultant to Architects Team 3 (designing $200 million Penang Urban Center), Penang, Malaysia |
| 1975 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Continued as Consultant to Architects Team 3, Penang, Malaysia; Appointed University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale and Edwardsville, Illinois; Appointed University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Member of Advisory Council on International Programs, Bryan Mawr College, Bryan Mawr, Pennsylvania; Member of Advisory Committee, WINDWORKS, Mukwonago, Wisconsin; Tutor in Design Science, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE, Los Angeles, California; International President, WORLD SOCIETY FOR EKISTICS |
| 1976 | Conceived and designed Synergetics exhibit for the opening of the Smithsonian / Cooper Hewitt Museum of Design; author, artist and designer of a limited edition lithograph 'Tetrascroll' author and designer of a limited edition of silk-screens Synergetics Poster Series conceived and designed a limited edition of metal sculpture Jitterbug author of AND IT CAME TO PASS, NOT TO STAY continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as University Professor Emeritus at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale and Edwardsville, Illinois; continued as University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as consultant to Architects Team 3, Penang, Malaysia; continued as tutor in Design Science, International College, Los Angeles, California; continued as International President, World Society for Ekistics |
| 1977 | Designed and developed two prototype geodesic domes "Pinecone Dome" and "Fly's Eye Dome" lecturer, Far Eastern tour sponsored by the U.S. State Department/United States Information Agency; continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale and Edwardsville, Illinois; continued as consultant to Architects Team 3, Penang, Malaysia; tutor in Design Science, International College, Los Angeles, California; completed term as International President, World Society for Ekistics |
| 1978 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale and Edwardsville, Illinois; Scholar in Residence, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts; tutor in Design Science, International College, Los Angeles, California; continued as senior partner, Fuller & Sadao PC; continued as consultant, Architects Team 3, Penang, Malaysia |
| 1979 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville and Carbondale, Illinois; continued as University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as Tutor in Design Science, International College, Los Angeles, California; continued as senior partner, Fuller & Sadao PC, Long Island City, New York; Chairman of the Board, R. Buckminster Fuller Sadao & Zung Architects, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio; senior partner, Buckminster Fuller Associates, London, England; author, SYNERGETICS 2: FURTHER EXPLORATIONS IN THE GEOMETRY OF THINKING, published by Macmillan; author, R. BUCKMINSTER FULLER ON EDUCATION, published by University of Massachusetts Press; continued as consultant, Architects Team 3, Penang, Malaysia |
| 1980 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville and Carbondale, Illinois; continued as University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as senior partner, Fuller & Sadao PC; continued as Chairman of the Board, R. Buckminster Fuller Sadao & Zung Architects, Inc.; continued as senior partner, Buckminster Fuller Associates; continued as Tutor in Design Science, International College; continued as consultant, Architects Team 3, Penang, Malaysia; author, CRITICAL PATH, to be published winter 1980-81 by St. Martin's Press |
| 1981 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville and Carbondale, Illinois; University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as Senior Partner, Fuller & Sadao PC; continued as Chairman of the Board, R. Buckminster Fuller, Sadao & Zung Architects, Inc.; continued as Senior Partner, Buckminster Fuller Associates; continued as Consultant, Team 3 International; Chairman, Fuller-Patterson Corporation and Buckminster Fuller Research and Development Park; author, GRUNCH OF GIANTS to be published winter 1982-3 by St. Martin's Press |
| 1982 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville and Carbondale, Illinois; University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as Senior Partner, Fuller & Sadao PC; continued as Chairman of the Board, R. Buckminster Fuller, Sadao & Zung Architects Inc.; continued as Senior Partner, Buckminster Fuller Associates; continued as Consultant, Team 3 International; continued as Chairman, Fuller Patterson Corporation and Buckminster Fuller Research and Development Park; designed and developed tensional Dymaxion Hanging Bookshelf; designed and developed deresonated Tensegrity dome; author, INVENTIONS (working title) to be published 1983 by St. Martin's Press; designed and developed steel strap model of spherical to planar triangular transformation; designed BigMap, basketball-court-sized Dymaxion projection displayed to U.S. Congress |
| 1983 | Continued as World Fellow in Residence, University City Science Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville and Carbondale, Illinois; University Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; continued as Senior Partner, Fuller & Sadao PC; continued as Chairman of the Board, R. Buckminster Fuller, Sadao & Zung Architects Inc.; continued as Senior Partner, Buckminster Fuller Associates; continued as Consultant, Team 3 International; continued as Chairman, Fuller-Patterson Corporation and Buckminster Fuller Research and Development Park Bucky and Anne died within thirty-six hours of each other, one week before their sixty-sixth anniversary, Bucky on July 1st 1983, Anne on July 3rd 1983 |
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Richard Buckminster “Bucky” Fuller (July 12, 1895 – July 1, 1983)[1] was an American architect, author, designer, futurist, inventor, and visionary. He was the second president of Mensa.[2] He lends his name to a family of complex carbon structures called Buckminsterfullerene also known as Bucky Balls.
Throughout his life, Fuller was concerned with the question "Does humanity have a chance to survive lastingly and successfully on planet Earth, and if so, how?"[citation needed] Considering himself an average individual without special monetary means or academic degree,[3] he chose to devote his life to this question, trying to identify what he, as an individual, could do to improve humanity's condition, which large organizations, governments, and private enterprises inherently could not do.
Pursuing this lifelong experiment, Fuller wrote more than thirty books, coining and popularizing terms such as "Spaceship Earth", ephemeralization, and synergetics. He also worked in the development of numerous inventions, chiefly in the fields of design and architecture, the best known of which is the geodesic dome. Carbon molecules known as fullerenes or buckyballs were named for their resemblance to geodesic spheres.
Late in his life, after working on his concepts for several decades, Fuller achieved considerable public visibility. He travelled the world giving lectures, and received numerous honorary doctorates. Most of his inventions, however, never made it into production. Often dismissed as a hopeless utopian, he was strongly criticized in most fields he tried to influence, including architecture[citation needed]. His proponents, on the other hand, continue to assert that his work has not yet received the attention that it deserves.
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